Ojasa Mirai
Python
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🎯 Why Data Structures Matter📋 Lists: Ordered Collections🔑 Dictionaries: Key-Value Pairs🎪 Sets: Unique Values & Speed📦 Tuples: Immutable Sequences⚖️ Comparing All Data Structures🔧 Mastering List Methods⚡ Advanced Dictionary Patterns🔄 Power of Set Operations🏗️ Building Nested Structures⚙️ Performance Tuning & Optimization
🔧 List Methods and Operations — Manipulating Collections
Lists come with powerful built-in methods to add, remove, and modify items.
🎯 Adding Items to Lists
`append()` adds an item to the end of a list.
tasks = ["read", "code"]
tasks.append("exercise")
print(tasks) # ['read', 'code', 'exercise']`insert()` adds an item at a specific position.
tasks = ["read", "code", "sleep"]
tasks.insert(1, "exercise") # Insert at index 1
print(tasks) # ['read', 'exercise', 'code', 'sleep']💡 Removing Items
`remove()` deletes the first occurrence of a value.
tasks = ["read", "code", "code", "sleep"]
tasks.remove("code")
print(tasks) # ['read', 'code', 'sleep']`pop()` removes and returns an item at a specific index (default: last item).
tasks = ["read", "code", "sleep"]
last_task = tasks.pop() # Remove last: 'sleep'
first_task = tasks.pop(0) # Remove first: 'read'
print(tasks) # ['code']🎨 Real-World Example: Shopping List
# Start with a shopping list
shopping = ["milk", "bread", "eggs"]
# Add items
shopping.append("butter")
shopping.insert(1, "cheese")
# Remove items (forgot to buy milk)
shopping.remove("milk")
print(shopping) # ['cheese', 'bread', 'eggs', 'butter']📊 Common List Methods
| Method | Purpose | Example |
|---|---|---|
| `append(x)` | Add to end | `list.append(5)` |
| `insert(i, x)` | Add at index | `list.insert(0, 5)` |
| `remove(x)` | Remove value | `list.remove(5)` |
| `pop(i)` | Remove & return item | `item = list.pop()` |
| `clear()` | Remove all items | `list.clear()` |
| `sort()` | Sort in place | `list.sort()` |
| `reverse()` | Reverse in place | `list.reverse()` |
🔑 Key Takeaways
- ✅ `append()` adds items to the end
- ✅ `insert()` adds items at specific positions
- ✅ `remove()` deletes by value, `pop()` deletes by index
- ✅ Lists are **mutable**—you can change them after creation
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